Art theft is often glamorised in cinematics by individuals skilfully navigating high-tech security systems. However, the reality is quite different, with most art crimes done by common criminals. Despite the existence of advanced security technologies, budget constraints often prevent many museums and galleries from implementing cutting-edge security measures.
Perimeter security, traditionally the first line of defence during closure, prompts thieves to exploit visitor hours. This challenge compels security departments to find a delicate balance between safeguarding art and ensuring aesthetic accessibility. Traditional measures such as CCTV and gallery invigilators prove inadequate, necessitating the protection of objects and display cases. The installation of new alarm cables is often restricted in older establishments, making wireless solutions the preferred choice, especially at the intersection of security and aesthetics.
The dynamic nature of museums demands efficient tracking systems, making wireless solutions the go-to option. Four categories—passive RFID, active RFID, Wi-Fi, and GPS—offer diverse solutions to the unique challenges faced by museums.
Passive RFID, which replaces barcode systems, falls short of security due to its limited range. In contrast, active RFID, powered by lithium batteries, emerges as the optimal choice for museum security. The longevity of tags, slim form factors, and cost-effective readers contribute to its superiority.
Embraced by the museum industry, active RFID goes beyond theft prevention. Motion-sensing tags trigger alerts, and integration with other security systems ensures swift action. The system records an object's last known location, making it a valuable audit tool. Additional features, such as temperature and humidity sensors, prioritise artefact preservation.
While Wi-Fi systems have seen limited adoption in healthcare, their use in high-security applications remains questionable due to the increased need for transceivers and building fabric hostility towards radio waves.
GPS, while impractical for tracking stolen artworks, complement active RFID during transit. The combination offers improved visibility, with RFID receivers in lorry trailers updating the host application via GPS in case of missing or tampered tags.
With various tracking technologies available, the choice comes down to understanding specific needs and limitations. Active RFID emerges as a robust solution, offering a comprehensive approach to museum security and art preservation in a dynamic environment.
